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Croton

Codiaeum variegatum
Also known as: Garden Croton

Croton is a vegetable in the Euphorbiaceae family. It grows best in full sun to part shade with medium moisture, and is listed for USDA zones 10-12.

Varieties

1 · sorted by days to maturity
  • Croton

    PROPAGATION CATEGORY: Tropical houseplant (cuttings) (not in original seed catalog). Use: Vividly colored leathery foliage. Note: Sap is irritating; toxic to pets.

    Croton (Codiaeum variegatum) is a bold tropical foliage plant with leathery leaves splashed in red, orange, yellow and green; needs bright light to keep its color.

    Growing notes: Botanical name: Codiaeum variegatum|Hardiness zones: 10-12|Propagation: cutting|Light: Bright light|Water: Medium|Mature size: 3-6 feet

Family
Euphorbiaceae
Category
Vegetable
Form
Shrub
Lifecycle
perennial
Zone
10-12
Height
3–6 ft
Spread
2–4 ft
Sun
Full sun to part shade
Water
Medium

Plan your croton planting

Add croton to a free GardenDraft plan and get sow, transplant, and harvest dates computed for your ZIP code — with a drag-and-drop bed layout and reminders when it’s time to plant.

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Croton care at a glance

Light
Bright, some direct sun

The brightest spot you have — several hours of direct sun keeps the red-orange-yellow variegation saturated. In dim light a croton fades to plain green.

Water
When the top inch is dry

Water thoroughly when the top inch of soil dries; crotons like steady moisture but sulk (and drop leaves) in a soggy pot.

Humidity
Average room humidity

Average to slightly humid rooms are fine; very dry air invites spider mites and dulls the foliage.

Temperature
65–85°F

Keep above 55°F — cold damage starts below that.

Soil
Potting mix

A rich, well-draining potting mix; add perlite if water lingers.

Feeding
Growing season

Balanced fertilizer monthly through spring and summer; pause in winter.

In winter: Water less often in winter but never let it sit next to a cold window or draft — chill is what strips a croton bare.

Toxic to pets

The milky sap irritates skin, and chewing any part causes vomiting and drooling in pets — wear gloves when pruning and keep clippings away from animals.

Pet listing per the ASPCA Toxic and Non-Toxic Plants database.

How to propagate croton

Stem cuttings

  1. Take a 4–6 in tip cutting with 3–5 leaves; let the milky sap stop flowing (wear gloves).
  2. Dip in rooting hormone and set in moist perlite-peat mix.
  3. Enclose in a bag or propagator to hold warmth and humidity.
  4. Roots form in 4–8 weeks at 70–80°F; pot up and acclimate to bright light.

Common croton problems

Why is my croton dropping leaves?

Likely cause: Change and chill — crotons famously shed after a move, a repot, a cold draft, or a watering swing.

Fix: Pick a warm, bright spot and leave it there; keep watering steady. A settled croton releafs along the stem within a few weeks.

Why is my croton losing its color?

Likely cause: Not enough light — the vivid pigments only develop in strong sun.

Fix: Move it to your sunniest window (acclimate over a week to avoid scorch); new growth will color up.

Does my croton have spider mites?

Likely cause: Stippled, dusty-looking leaves with fine webbing — mites thrive on crotons in warm, dry rooms.

Fix: Shower the plant, wipe leaves top and bottom, and treat weekly with insecticidal soap until clear; raising humidity slows reinfestation.

Care profile compiled from extension and horticultural society guidance and the ASPCA toxic-plants list. Conditions vary by home — treat ranges as starting points.

At a glance

Frost tolerance
Warm-season · to ~50°F
Lowest temperature the foliage usually survives

Storing & preserving

Most keep best refrigerated; storage crops prefer a cool, dry spot.

  • Freeze: Blanch briefly, cool, then freeze — keeps color and texture.
  • Can: Pressure-can low-acid vegetables; water-bath only pickled/acidified ones.

General home-preservation guidance — for tested processing times and safety, follow the National Center for Home Food Preservation.

Growing timeline

Propagation
Cutting

Care & troubleshooting

No curated care & troubleshooting advice for croton yet. Our extension-sourced library currently focuses on common edible crops; we're expanding it over time.