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Comfrey

Symphytum × uplandicum
Also known as: Russian Comfrey

Comfrey is a herb in the Boraginaceae family. It grows best in full sun to part shade with medium moisture, and is listed for USDA zones 3-9.

Varieties

1 · sorted by days to maturity
  • Bocking 14

    PROPAGATION CATEGORY: Perennial root (not currently in seed catalog). Use: Permaculture mulch/compost & traditional medicinal (topical). Harvest: Cut leaves several times per season for mulch or compost tea.

    Comfrey (Symphytum × uplandicum, Russian comfrey) is a vigorous deep-rooted perennial prized in permaculture as a nutrient accumulator for mulch and compost tea, and traditionally used as a topical medicinal. Propagated from root cuttings; the sterile 'Bocking 14' cultivar won't self-seed and spread. Hardy zones 3-9.

    Growing notes: Botanical name: Symphytum × uplandicum|Hardiness zones: 3-9|Propagation: root cuttings/division|Sun needs: Full sun to part shade|Water needs: Medium|Mature height: 2-4 feet|Spacing: 30 inches|Harvest: Cut leaves several times per season for mulch or compost tea

Family
Boraginaceae
Category
Herb
Form
Bush
Lifecycle
perennial
Zone
3-9
Height
2–4 ft
Spread
2–4 ft
Sun
Full sun to part shade
Water
Medium

Plan your comfrey planting

Add comfrey to a free GardenDraft plan and get sow, transplant, and harvest dates computed for your ZIP code — with a drag-and-drop bed layout and reminders when it’s time to plant.

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At a glance

Frost tolerance
Hardy · to ~20°F
Lowest temperature the foliage usually survives

Storing & preserving

Refrigerate stems in water, or wrap in a damp towel for a few days.

  • Dry: Dehydrate or air-dry, then store airtight away from light.
  • Freeze: Freeze chopped in oil or water in ice-cube trays.

General home-preservation guidance — for tested processing times and safety, follow the National Center for Home Food Preservation.

Growing timeline

Propagation
Cutting
Schedule anchor
Last Frost

Care & troubleshooting— extension-sourced, with citations

When to feed, prune & water

Attract beneficial insects and protect pollinators

Protection
  • Routine carePlant insectary flowers and tolerate light pestsstrong evidence — extension confidence

    Grow a diversity of flowering plants (including small-flowered umbels and asters) to feed predators and parasitoids, and tolerate low pest numbers so natural enemies have prey to stick around.

    Source: UC IPM; UMN Extension

  • Routine careNever spray open bloomsstrong evidence — extension confidence

    Avoid insecticides on flowering plants and apply any needed sprays in the evening when pollinators aren't active, and favor selective products over broad-spectrum ones to spare bees and beneficials.

    Source: UC IPM

Something looks wrong?

Describe what you see on your comfreyand we'll rank the likely causes — most likely first, least-invasive fix first.

Powdery mildew

Diseasemoderate

Symptoms: white powdery coating on upper leaf surfaces; starts as spots then spreads; leaves yellow and dry under the coating

  • CulturalImprove airflow + remove worst leavesstrong evidence — extension confidence

    Cut out the most heavily coated leaves and thin for airflow; avoid wetting foliage late in the day.

    Source: UC IPM

  • OrganicPotassium-bicarbonate or sulfur - label use only· every 1 wk · ~4 wksmoderate evidence — extension confidence

    Apply a labeled potassium-bicarbonate or sulfur fungicide weekly per the label. No sulfur within 2 weeks of oil or in high heat.

    Always follow the product label — it is the law.

    Source: UC IPM

Aphids

Pestlow

Symptoms: clusters of tiny soft-bodied insects on new growth and undersides; sticky honeydew or sooty mold; curled distorted new leaves; ants tending them

  • CulturalBlast off with water· every 3 days · ~2 wksstrong evidence — extension confidence

    Knock colonies off with a strong jet of water in the morning; repeat every few days. Light infestations rarely need more.

    Source: UC IPM: Aphids

  • OrganicInsecticidal soap - label use only· every 1 wk · ~3 wksmoderate evidence — extension confidence

    For persistent colonies apply insecticidal soap to undersides per label. Avoid open flowers.

    Always follow the product label — it is the law.

    Source: UC IPM