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African Violet

Streptocarpus ionanthus
Also known as: Saintpaulia

African Violet is a vegetable in the Gesneriaceae family. It grows best in part shade with medium moisture, and is listed for USDA zones 11-12.

Varieties

1 · sorted by days to maturity
  • African Violet

    PROPAGATION CATEGORY: Houseplant (leaf cuttings) (not in original seed catalog). Use: Compact, near-continuous bloomer. Note: Pet-safe; avoid wetting leaves.

    African Violet (Streptocarpus ionanthus, formerly Saintpaulia) is a compact flowering houseplant that can bloom nearly year-round in modest light; pet-safe and easily propagated from a single leaf.

    Growing notes: Botanical name: Streptocarpus ionanthus|Hardiness zones: 11-12|Propagation: leaf cutting|Light: Bright indirect light|Water: Medium|Mature size: 4-6 inches

Family
Gesneriaceae
Category
Vegetable
Form
Rosette
Lifecycle
annual or perennial
Zone
11-12
Height
0.3333333333333333–0.5 ft
Spread
0.5–1 ft
Sun
Part shade
Water
Medium

Plan your african violet planting

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African Violet care at a glance

Light
Bright, indirect

Bright, indirect light — an east or north window is classic. Direct midday sun scorches the fuzzy leaves; too little light and blooming stops.

Water
When the surface feels dry

Water with room-temperature water when the top of the mix feels dry, from the base if possible — cold water sitting on the leaves causes permanent spotting.

Humidity
Average room humidity

Average room humidity is fine; very dry air shrinks the blooms. A pebble tray helps in heated rooms — avoid misting, which spots the foliage.

Temperature
65–80°F

Keep above 60°F — cold damage starts below that.

Soil
Potting mix

A light, porous African-violet mix (or peat-perlite-vermiculite); heavy potting soil suffocates the fine roots.

Feeding
Growing season

A balanced fertilizer at quarter strength every 2–4 weeks while the plant is actively blooming.

In winter: Growth slows only slightly indoors in winter; keep the same check-first routine but expect a day or two longer between waterings.

Pet-safe

Non-toxic to cats, dogs, and people — one of the safest flowering houseplants for a home with pets.

Pet listing per the ASPCA Toxic and Non-Toxic Plants database.

How to propagate african violet

Leaf cuttings

  1. Cut a healthy mid-crown leaf with about an inch of stem.
  2. Insert the stem at a 45° angle into moist, light potting mix.
  3. Cover loosely with a bag or dome to hold humidity and set in bright, indirect light.
  4. Plantlets appear at the base in 8–12 weeks; pot them up once they have a few leaves of their own.

Common african violet problems

Why won't my African violet bloom?

Likely cause: Not enough light is the usual reason — African violets need bright, indirect light for most of the day to keep flowering.

Fix: Move it closer to an east window (or under a grow light 10–12 in away), keep it slightly root-bound, and feed at quarter strength while it's in active growth.

Why are there spots on my African violet's leaves?

Likely cause: Cold water splashed on the foliage — the temperature shock kills leaf cells and leaves permanent tan rings.

Fix: Water from the base with room-temperature water and keep the leaves dry; spotted leaves won't recover, so remove the worst ones.

Why is the center of my African violet rotting?

Likely cause: Crown rot from water sitting in the growing point or from constantly soggy mix.

Fix: Let the surface dry between waterings, water from below, and repot into fresh, airy violet mix if the base has gone soft — advanced crown rot usually means starting over from a leaf cutting.

Care profile compiled from extension and horticultural society guidance and the ASPCA toxic-plants list. Conditions vary by home — treat ranges as starting points.

At a glance

Frost tolerance
Warm-season · to ~55°F
Lowest temperature the foliage usually survives

Storing & preserving

Most keep best refrigerated; storage crops prefer a cool, dry spot.

  • Freeze: Blanch briefly, cool, then freeze — keeps color and texture.
  • Can: Pressure-can low-acid vegetables; water-bath only pickled/acidified ones.

General home-preservation guidance — for tested processing times and safety, follow the National Center for Home Food Preservation.

Growing timeline

Propagation
Cutting

Care & troubleshooting

No curated care & troubleshooting advice for african violet yet. Our extension-sourced library currently focuses on common edible crops; we're expanding it over time.